Notes: Celtic Connections

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	Notes	Linked to
1	by Papal dispensation	Family: F295
2	Can't find marriage record. Perhaps John was not presbyterian? Or perhaps they didn't get married in Dunedin.	Family: F900
3	Uncertainty as to the date of the formalisation of their marriage and hence the legitimacy of their eldest children, and hence the right of succession to the throne, led to various disputes. by Papal dispensation	Family: F279
4	Witness' at David and Ann's wedding were Robert Robertson and William Rose	Family: F552
5	Witnesses at wedding: George Duncan and William Legge.	Family: F878
6	Witnesses Bernard John Edward Hannah - Wlg - Civil Servant & Elsie Fanning - Wlg - Typist	Family: F024
7	Witnesses Thomas O'Rourke and Helen Teresa Cahill	Family: F002
8	Justiciar of Lothian, Ambassador	Adam of Gordon
9	Reign: 877-878	Aedh
10	widow of John MUNFODE	Agnes
11	monk at Rheims	Alfgar
12	killed fighting the Picts. He gained the title of King Alpin of Scotland in 843. He gained the title of King Alpin of Kintyre	Alpin of Kintyre
13	Sir Andrew founded the senior cadet branch of the Douglas family	Andrew of Douglas
14	Died while visiting relatives	Anna Elizabeth
15	Gallo-Roman Senator.	Ansbertus "the Senator"
16	Archibald Douglas had a prosperous existence before vanishing in 1239 http://www.scotclans.com/clans/Douglas/history.html	Archibald of Douglas
17	Bishop of Metz	Arnoaldus
18	Perhaps sister of Sacerdos, Gallo-Roman Archbishop of Lyons	Arthemia
19	Was Pepin's concubine.	Aupais
20	Bernard was a son of the Charles Martel, the powerful Austrasian Mayor of the Palace, and uncle of the Frankish Emperor Charlemagne. When the latter launched his Italian conquest in 773-4, Bernard led half of the Frankish army.	Bernard
21	King of Italy 813-817 Bernard was crowned King of Italy by Charlemagne, his grandfather, whe Louis the Pious was made co-Emperor in 813. When Charlemagne died the next year, Louis became Emperor. In 817, right after Lothar was made co-Emperor, Bernard revolted but surrenedered before Louis's army. He was sentenced to death, but was spared and only blinded. The next year he died of these wounds.	Bernard
22	When Louis the Pious became Emperor in 840, Berthe was sent away from court (probably to a nunnery).	Berthe
23	A Merovingian princess.	Berthe\Bertree
24	Blithilde's ancestry is unproven. It appears in earlier editions of Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists, but has been removed from the 7th ed. (Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists).	Blithilde of Cologne
25	Caribert was newphew of Pepin II, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, and was himself Count of the city of Laon after his father, Martin. His daughter Bertrada became the Queen of King Pepin III, and mother of Charlemagne.	Charibert
26	King of the Franks 768-800 King of the Lombards 774-800 Frankish Emperor 800-814 When Pepin III died in 768, his sons Carloman and Charles I (called Charlemagne towards the end of his reign) succeeded as Kings of the Franks. Carloman received the strong interior - Paris and Orleans, and Charlemagne received the rebellious states and border lands in a NW crescent around Carloman's kingdom. Either Pepin did this because he favored Carloman, or because he knew that Charlemagne was a better general and needed to be the one to face the rebellions. In 769, Aquitaine rebelled and both brothers went to face the problem. Carloman marched back home without striking a blow, leaving Charlemagne to subdue Aquitaine on his own, which he did. The hatred between the brothers was temporarily settled by their mother, Bertrada. The Lombards were making many threats to Pope Hadrian, and so he called for the Frankish kings for protection. Carloman was pro-Lombard, so Charlemagne was again on his own. In 771, the Lombard king Desiderius invaded Rome and took much Papal land. At the end of that year, Carloman died, leaving Charlemagne the entire Frankish kingdom. In 772, Charlemagne executed his first Saxon campaign, and while it was small it was a success. He planned for one the next year, but in January Hadrian sent envoys to Charlemagne formally asking for help. In May he gathered all his forces at Geneva and launched an Italian attack. He personally led the main force, and a smaller force was led by his uncle Bernard to attack the flank of the Lombard army. In June of 774, Pavia fell and Lombardy was completely conquered by Charlemagne. He sent Desiderius and his family to monasteries and took the crown for himself. Hadrian then crowned Pepin king of Lombardy with his father. In 778, Charlemagne invaded Muslim Spain, taking Barcelona, Pampelona, and Saragossa. However, Charlemagne's army was ambushed and many generals were killed. In 781, after his defeat in Spain, Aquitaine was on the border of rebellion once again, so he put his son Louis as king there. In 793, the Saracens invaded Aquitaine under their Caliph Hisham. Two years later the Spanish March was created, with William as its Count. The next year King Louis and Count William secured the Spanish territories, and William conquered Barcelona, the Balearics, and all of Navarre. Since 772, Charlemagned campaigned in Saxony almost every year. After much fighting he finally converted their king Widukind and incorperated Saxony into the Frankish empire, with Widukind as its first Duke. By gaining Saxony, Charlemagne received many attacks from the Slavs, but was able to not only defeat them but take much of their land in modern Germany, Austria, and as far east as Hungary. On Christmas Day, 800, Charlemagne was in Rome for the crowning of his son Charles (designated to be his successor). The Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne before mass, saying "Carolo augusto, a Deo coronato, magne et pacifico imperatore romanorum, vita et victoria!" (To Charles, Augustus, crowned by God, great and peaceful Emperor, life and victory!) He then "adored" Charlemagne in the Byzantine manner by prostrating himself and touching the ground with his forehead three times. This Carolingian Empire did not last long, but it did lead to the Holy Roman Empire of the Middle Ages. In 806, Charlemagne set up a will in which Charles, Pepin, and Louis would receive equal shares of the Empire on his death. In July of 810, Pepin died, and he was followed by Charles in December of 811. In 813 Byzantine nobles came to greet Charlemagne as Emperor. Louis was called from Aquitaine and crowned co-Emperor and designated successor to the imperial crown, then sent back to Aquitaine. That year, Charlemagne spent the entire month of October hunting, and in January of the next year, at the age of 70, died.	Charlemagne
27	Charles, from the beginning, was always intended to succeede his father, Charlemagne. He often accompained his father, and even led some of the forces in the Saxon campaign in 783-4. He spent Christmas in 800 at Rome when his father was crowned Emperor to be coronated king himself. Charlemagn's will of 806 set up equal divisions of his Empire for his children Charles, Pepin, and Louis. Louis was the only one that out-lived his father. Charles died of a stroke in December of 811, a little over two years before his father.	Charles
28	King of the Franks 840-877, Emperor 25 Dec 875-877.	Charles the Bald
29	The Parricide, King of Cologne, murdered 509, by agents if his kinsman, Clovis I, King of the Salic Franks.	Cloderic
30	http://www.packrat-pro.com/cln.htm#clodio I have stopped here because of the fact that this reaches the semi legendary stage, and those who include this lineage in their work disagree. One line leads to Coel Hen, (King Coel of Briton) who is indeed factual, one I believe more than others. Semi-legendary King of the Salian Franks and father of Merovech, founder of the Merovingian Dynasty. Called ", the Long Hair" or ", the Hairy" because of the length of his hair. From then on the Merovingians were called the "Long Haired Kings" and the cutting of a king's hair represented his loss of royal power. According to legend his father was Pharamond (r.409-426), the first King of the Salian Franks after the departure of the Romans from Gaul. In history, Clodio was probably real. He lived in Thuringian territory, and ruled at the same time as the semi-legendary kings Theudemer and Richemer. All that is known of his reign is that he took the town of Cambrai from the Romans. He was succeeded by his semi-legendary son Merovech. (Unlike Merovech and Clodio, Childeric I, Merovech's son, was very real and cannot be considered fictional.) http://www.ghg.net/shetler/oldimp/016.html (http://www.ghgcorp.com/shetler/oldimp/) The line I have omitted is reportedly as follows: Clodion Le Chevelu King of France Pharamond, King of France. Argotta, Queen of Franks Marcomir, Duke of East Franks Clodius, Duke of the East Franks Dagobert, Duke of the East Franks Genebald, Duke of the East Franks Dagobert, Duke of the East Franks Walter, King of the Franks Clodius III, King of the Franks Bartheus, King of the Franks Hileric, King of the Franks Sunno, King of the Franks Farabert, King of the Franks Clodomir IV, King of the Franks Marcomir IV, King of the Franks and Althildis, Princess of the Britains, daughter of King Coel, King of Britain circa 350 Odomir, King of the Franks Richemer, King of the Franks Rathberius, King of the Franks Antenor IV, King of the West Franks Clodemir III, King of the West Franks Marcomir III, King of the West Franks Clodius II, King of the West Franks (ending the year 0006)	Clodio
31	Frankish King of Cologne living 420, kinsman of Clovis I. Salian King of the Franks 481 - 511 Frankish King of Cologne	Clovis the Riparian
32	Constantine I, King of Scotland was the son of Kenneth I MacAlpin, King of Scotland. He died in 877 at Inverdorat, the Black Cove, Angus, Scotland, killed in action against the Danes.1 He was buried at Isle of Iona, Scotland.1 He gained the title of King Constantine of Alba. He gained the title of King Constantine of the Picts and Scots. He succeeded to the title of King Constantine I of Scotland in 863.2 Most of his reign was spent in beating off Viking assults or attempting to extend his authority southwards. Although he ordered the murder of King Artgal (his brother in law and the refugee ruler of Strathclyde) in 871, sometimes he bought peace with his enemies by paying tribute. King of the Scots and Picts for 14 years and was killed in a battle with the Danes at Inverdovat. He has an extensive biography in the Dictionary of National Biography Constantine I d. 879, son of Kenneth Macalpine, king of Scotland or Alba, the country north of the Forth and Clyde, whose chief seat was Scone, succeeded his uncle Donald in 863. His reign was one of the first when the attacks of the Normans attained a formidable height, threatening the destruction of the Celtic and Saxon kingdoms. Two years after his accession Olaf the White, king of Dublin, wanted the country of the Picts, and occupied it from the Kalends of January to the feast of St. Patrick, ie. 17 March. According to the Pictish Chronicle, Olaf was slain by Constantine when on a raid in the following year, but the Annals of Ulster relate that he destroyed Alrhyth (Dumbarton), after a four months' siege, in 870, and retired in 871 to Dublin with two hundred ships and a great body of men, Anglo-Britons and Picts. After this he disappears from the Irish annals, so that his death may possibly have been antedated by some years in the account of the Pictish Chronicle. Ivar, another of the Norse Vikings	Constantine I
33	Reign 900-942	Constantine II
34	When Emperor Leo IV died in 780, Constantine, his son and successor, was still in his minority, so his mother Irene ruled in his place. In 790, Constantine began ruling on his own, and seven years later his power-thirsty mother had his eyes gouged out. He died that year of the wounds, with Irene as sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire.	Constantine VI
35	Lord of the Isles; Governor of Scots Islands; Earl of Strathclyde; Lay Abbot of Dunkeld; Mormaer of Atholl; Abthane of Dule Slain in 1045 near Dunkeld "with nine times twenty heroes" as he led an aborted attempt to put his grandson, Malcolm, on the throne. Lord of the Isles" & "Mormaer of Atholl.	Crinan "The Thane" of Mormaer
36	born between 295 and 436, and died between 285 and 546	Daughter of Syagrius
37	Desideria, daughter of the Lombard king, was married to the Frankish king Charlemagne in 771 as a peace offering on the request of his mother Bertrada. King Desiderius went on that year to invade Rome and take Papal territory from Pope Hadrian I, who appealed to Charlemagne for aid. The first thing he did was divorce and return his wife. He invaded Italy in 773 and conquered the Lombard kingdom completely in 774, send Desiderius, Desideria, and the whole family to monasteries.	Desideria
38	King of the Lombards 756-774 Desiderius was the last king of the Lombards, defeated by Charlemagne and Pope Hadrian I in 773-774. Charlemagne took the Lombard crown and sent Desiderius and his family into Frankish monasteries.	Desiderius
39	Abbess of St. Pierre de Rheims.	Dode
40	Became a nun at Treves 612.	Dode of Heristal
41	Killed at the Battle of Strathcarron. He is apparently the last king of Dalriada known to early Welsh tradition.	Domnall "The Speckled" of Dal Riada
42	Killed in action.He succeeded to the title of King Donald II of Scotland in 889.1 Succeeded the joint rule of Giric and Eochaid. Succeeded by Constantine II. "Born: Not Known - Died: 900 - Marriage: Not Known - Children: Malcolm. At this time, after the deaths of Eochaid and Giric, the thrown switched around between two parts of the Alpin House. Both parts from descendants of the Sons of Kenneth MacAlpin, Constantine I and Aed. Constantine's son Donald II now ruled the land and he didn't pick the best time to be King. The Danish had conquered the whole of the north of Scotland led by 'Sigurd the Mighty'. Sigurd claimed the lands and slay his adversary 'Melbrigda Tonn', cut off his head and ceremoniously hung it from his saddle. This however was not such a great idea, as the head bounced around it banged against his leg and a tooth punctured Sigurds leg and he quickly died of blood Poisoning. The now departed Melbrigda Tonn was renamed 'The Tooth'. Donald II, after spending his time fending off the Danish from the north (which used to be lead by Sigurd), and from the south (led by the Danish leader 'Guthrum'), died near Forres in 900. Some say he was poisoned." http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~mysouthernfamily/myff/d0025/g0000003.html#I51217	Donald II of Alba
43	King of Scots (1093-1097), Lord of the Isles	Donald III Bane
44	Abbot of Dunkeld; Mormaer of Athol	Donnchada
45	"Born: Not Known - Died: 967 - Marriage: Not Known - Offspring: Kenneth and Malcolm. King Dubh, son of Malcolm, is somewhat a mystery. All we know is that Indulf's son Culen twice fought for the right to be the king, the first time without success in the town of Atholl, and the second time with success in the town of Forres. So in 967 at Forres in Moray Dubh was killed and Culen took over."	Duff of Alba
46	under-King of Kent (0784-0786)	Ealhmund
47	King of Wessex (0802-0839); King of Kent (0825-0839); King of Sussex (0825-0839); King of East Anglia (0825-0839); King of Essex (0825-0839) Eccbryht was in the court of Charlemagne in about 0795 after being exiled by Offa, King of Mercia. In 0825 Eccbryht defeated Beornwulf, King of Mercia at the Battle of Ellendun to become King of Kent, Sussex, East Anglia and Essex.	Eccbryht III
48	King of England (0975-0978)	Edward II "the Martyr"
49	Putting the name Elizabeth here because it fits with the naming pattern of her daughter Jean's family	Elizabeth?
50	King of Dalriada, in northern Ireland.	Erc of Dal Raida